There are sex differences in risk for stroke and small vessel ischemic disease in the brain. Microvesicles (MV) derived from activated cells vary by cell of origin and the stimulus initiating their release. MV released from cells activated by inflammatory and thrombotic factors have the potential to disrupt endothelial cells of the brain microvasculature. Therefore, experiments were designed to identify sex differences in the phenotype of MV released from cultured human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMEC) in response to inflammatory and thrombotic stimuli (Biology of Sex Differences201910:26 https://doi.org/10.1186/s13293-019-0241-y).
Neuromics' HBMECS, derived from a male donor, were used to study the differences between Male and Female Cells. There are indeed striking differences in the expression of Cell Adhesion Molecules when the male and female cells were stimulated with inflammatory and thrombotic factors.
4 Fold increase in release of MV from male (open bars) and female (black bars) HBMEC expressing cell adhesion molecules following stimulation with either TNFα (20 ng/ml) or THR (2 U/ml) for 20 h
The findings underscore the appropriateness of identifying the sex of cells used in research studies of MV disposition within the vasculature, as well as the sex of cells used to generate MV for in vitro studies
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