Neuron Astrocyte Glial Markers

Potent and Frequently Published!

We have a stout catalog of Neuron-Astrocyte and Glial Markers.

They are widely used and frequently published. Here're some recent examples:
Mouse Monoclonal GFAP: Chelsea M. Larabee, Constantin Georgescu, Jonathan D. Wren and Scott M. Plafke. Expression profiling of the ubiquitin conjugating enzyme UbcM2 in murine brain reveals modest age-dependent decreases in specific neurons. BMC Neuroscience201516:76 DOI: 10.1186/s12868-015-0194-y© Larabee et al. 2015.

Image: Mixed neuron-glial cultures stained with Mouse Monoclonal GFAP, and Chicken Polyclonal Neurofilament-NF-L (green). The GFAP antibody stains the network of astrocytes in these cultures, while the NF-L antibody stains neurons and their processes. The blue channel shows the localization of DNA. This antibody also works on formalin fixed paraffin embedded brain tissues. Protocol on Datasheet.

Tuj-1: Gaoying Sun, Wenwen Liu, Zhaomin Fan, Daogong Zhang, Yuechen Han, Lei Xu1, Jieyu Qi, Shasha Zhang, Bradley T. Gao, Xiaohui Bai,Jianfeng Li,Renjie Chai, Haibo Wang. The three-dimensional culture system with matrigel and neurotrophic factors preserves the structure and function of spiral ganglion neuron in vitro.

Need more assurances? Here're some feedback highlights.

STEPHEN C. Nov 19, 2015 Staining (Tuj1) worked well on human neural progenitor cells. Product Name: Tuj 1, Mouse – (Cat# MO15013-100) http://bit.ly/1Qx4ASc Organization: UCONN
GINA D. Oct 07, 2015 Very nice antibody and ordering is very easy using the website. Product Name: proDynorphin (rat), Guinea Pig – (Cat# GP10110) http://bit.ly/Sw4RJ9 Organization: Rosalind Franklin University
CAROL Feb 05, 2015 We got antibodies and received them fast with a correct temperature. Product Name: Coronin 1A, Chicken – (Cat# CH23017) http://bit.ly/1AxduYvProduct Name: Integrin alpha-M, Chicken – (Cat# CH23021)http://bit.ly/16lMihU Organization: UCSF

We have a full money back guarantee so do not hesitate to consider these markers for your assays.

HIV-1R Viral Protein R and Memory Impairment

Using Synpatophysin as Marker for Synaptic Loss

Our Neuron-Glial Markers continue to shine in challenging applications. Here researchers examined whether infusion of the Vpr-expressing astrocytes affected synaptophysin expression in the hippocampus. The authors of the study, using Neuromics' Mouse Monoclonal Synaptophysin Antibody,  found a significant reduction in synaptophysin staining in CA3: Lilith Torres and Richard J Noel. Astrocytic expression of HIV-1 viral protein R in the hippocampus causes chromatolysis, synaptic loss and memory impairment. Journal of Neuroinflammation 2014, 11:53 doi:10.1186/1742-2094-11-53.

Images: Astrocytic HIV-1 viral protein R (Vpr) expression decreased synaptophysin immunoreactivity (A) Representative light photomicrograph showing the distribution of synaptophysin immunoreactivity in the rat hippocampal CA3 formation. Green fluorescent protein (GFP) right side. Vpr shows both left and right. Magnification 100×. (B) Densitometric analysis revealed significantly decreased mean value for the Vpr group compare to control.


Protocol: To examine changes in synaptophysin between control and HIV-1 Vpr exposed rats, tissue sections from each group were processed for immunocytochemistry. The samples were cut at 4 μm thickness with a microtome (Microm HM340, Microm International) and fixed to positively charged microscope slides. Fixed tissues were deparaffinized in xylene substitute for 30 minutes, rehydrated through graded alcohols and neutralized with 3% hydrogen peroxide (Sigma-Aldrich), followed by a rinse under running tap water and immersion in antigenretrieval solution (0.01 M citrate, pH 6.0) for 1 minute at 98°C. Then sections were washed in TBS for 5 minutes and treated with blocking solution containing normal goat serum (BioGenex, cat# HK112-9KE). Sections were incubated for 24 hrs at 4°C in mouse monoclonal antisynaptophysin antibody (Neuromics, cat # MO20000, 1:500 dilutions). Negative controls with TBS instead of primary antibody were run in each slide. Primary antibody was washed in TBS buffer for 2 × 5 minutes and incubated with Multi Link secondary antibody (Super Sensitive Link-Label IHC Detection System, cat# LP000- ULE, BioGenex, San Ramon, CA, USA). Secondary antibody was washed in TBS and incubated in ABC-HRP, washed in TBS buffer and incubated in 3,3′-diaminobenzidine (cat# HK153-5KE, Biogenex, San Ramon, CA, USA). Slides were rinsed in water and counterstained with hematoxylin for 30 sec. The sections were rinsed, dehydrated and and mounted with Cytoseal XYL (cat# 8312-4, Richard Allan Scientific, Kalamazoo, MI, USA). For quantitative densitometry, images of regions of interest (ROI) in the CA3 were captured from 5 rats in each group using NIH Image J 1.50 software.

We will continue to work hard to fill all your Neuroscience Research Needs.

MAP-2-A Versatile Neuron Marker

Neuromics is a leader in providing Neuron-Glial Markers for Neuroscientists.

We are constantly on the search for publications that reference use of these markers in unique applications. In this posting I would like to share a publication where researchers used on of our MAP-2 antibodies to stain medial superior olive (MSO) neurons. Baumann Veronika, Lehnert Simon, Leibold Christian, Koch Ursula. Tonotopic Organization of the Hyperpolarization-activated Current (Ih) in the Mammalian Medial Superior Olive. Front. Neural Circuits 7:117. doi: 10.3389/fncir.2013.00117.
 ...Following recording, slices were fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde for 30 min. After extensive washing in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) slices were exposed to blocking buffer (0.5% trition X-100/0.1% saponin/1% BSA in PBS) followed by incubation with the primary antibody (chicken anti-microtubule-associated protein 2, MAP2, 1:1000, Neuromics) in blocking buffer. Slices were then rinsed in washing buffer (0.5% Trition X-100/0.1% saponin in PBS) and immunoreactivity was visualized by incubating the slices with the Cy3-conjugated secondary antibody raised in donkey (1:300; Dianova). Finally, slices were washed and mounted on slides with vectashield mounting reagent (Vector Laboratories, USA)...

Here the MAP-2 antibody is used to help identify the dorsal, medial and ventral portion of the MSO of p18 and p22 gerbils.

Figure . Ih varies systematically along the dorsoventral axis. (A) A brain slice containing the MSO with Alexa-488-filled neurons (green) verifies the distribution of the patched neurons along the dorsoventral axis (red: MAP-2). (B) Pharmacologically isolated Ih current traces were elicited by depolarizing and hyperpolarizing voltage steps from −60.5 mV to potentials between −40.5 mV and −120.5 mV for 1 s in 5 mV step increment and then to −100.5 mV for 0.5 s to elicit the tail current to determine the voltage dependence of Ih activation. Current traces are representative for the dorsal, the intermediate and the ventral part of the MSO. (C) I-V relationships of steady-state (red arrow in B) Ih density for ventral (n = 15), intermediate (n = 12) and dorsal (n = 18) neurons emphasize that Ih density amplitudes are smallest in dorsal neurons and largest in ventral neurons (C1). Ih density amplitudes for a voltage step to −110.5 mV (C2). (D) Weighted activation time constants at −110.5 mV (D1). The weighted activation time constants are voltage dependent and largest in the dorsal part of the MSO (D2). (E) The voltage-dependence of Ih activation was measured from the tail current 20 ms after the end of the voltage steps (red arrow) (E1). Values were fitted with a Boltzmann function to obtain the half-maximal activation voltage. In dorsal neurons the Ih activation curve is shifted to more negative voltages (E2). Half-maximal activation voltage was measured in each experiment and averaged (E3). Black symbols: dorsal neurons; gray symbols: intermediate neurons; white symbols: ventral neurons. **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, single-factor ANOVA test followed by a Scheffe's post-hoc test.

I will continue to post interesting applications using our Neuron-Glial Markers.

Schwann Cells Markers

Important tool for studying diseases that cause PNS abnormalities or degeneration.

It is a goal of mine to have the best and brightest collection of Neuron-Glial Markers. Here I feature use of one of our Schwann Cell Markers. In this study our p75/NGF antibody is used as a control to determine differences in myelin sheath structure in new born pigs having the Cystic Fibrosis Mutant vs Normal Gene Expression (controls). Leah R. Reznikov, Qian Dong, Jeng-Haur Chena, Thomas O. Moninger, Jung Min Park, Yuzhou Zhang, Jianyang Du, Michael S. Hildebrand, Richard J. H. Smith, Christoph O. Randak, David A. Stoltz, and Michael J. Welsh. CFTR-deficient pigs display peripheral nervous system defects at birth. www.pnas.org/cgi/doi/10.1073/pnas.1222729110.

Images: CFTR is functionally active in Schwann cells. (A) Primary cultures of porcine Schwann cells were used 4 wk after seeding when they had developed the specific bipolar morphology and a phase-bright cell body under differential interference contrast microscopy. Schwann cells were positive for the phenotypic markers S100 and p75. (B) Whole-cell current recorded in the presence of PKA and ATP in the pipette solution and 1 min after adding 100 μM of CFTR inhibitor GlyH-101 to the bath solution. (Left) Example of currents from one cell; Inset shows voltage-pulse protocol. (Upper Right) Example of current-voltage relationship. (Lower Right) Data from five CFTR+/+ Schwann cells and seven CFTR−/− Schwann cells. *P = 0.003 (Mann–Whitney rank sum test).

Images: Fig. 1. CFTR is expressed in trigeminal nerve Schwann cells. Data are confocal microscopic images of trigeminal nerve immunostained for CFTR (green) and marker indicated above middle panels (red). Nuclei were stained with DAPI (blue). (A) Transverse cross-section with axons stained with β-tubulin III antibody. (B) CFTR−/− trigeminal nerves immunostained for CFTR and β-tubulin III.  (C) Sagittal crosssection immunostained with fluoromyelin. (D) Section stained with S100 antibody, a marker of Schwann cells. (E) Section stained with p75 antibody, also a marker of Schwann cells. (Scale bar, 20 μm.).

I will continue to post new customer pubs and other shared customer data featuring use of our Neuron-Glial Markers.

Neuron-Glial Antibodies Hit the Mark!

Neuromics' Neuron-Glial Markers offerings include:

Glial-Astrocyte Markers	Neural Progenitor Markers
Neuron/Synapse Markers	Oligodendrocyte, Oligodendroglial Oligodendrocyte Lineage Markers
Schwann Cell or PNS Neuronal Markers -Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) Related

They are widely used and frequently published. Customers have also shared data which is included in product descriptions. Here is a listing of the most recent pubs:
Wiebke Kallenborn-Gerhardt, Katrin Schröder, Domenico Del Turco, Ruirui Lu, Katharina Kynast, Judith Kosowski, Ellen Niederberger, Ajay M. Shah, Ralf P. Brandes, Gerd Geisslinger, and Achim Schmidtko. NADPH Oxidase-4 Maintains Neuropathic Pain after Peripheral Nerve Injury. The Journal of Neuroscience, 25 July 2012, 32(30): 10136-10145; doi: 10.1523/​JNEUROSCI.6227-11.2012.

Images: MPZ and PMP22 expression in the sciatic nerve of WT and Nox4−/− mice after SNI. A, Western blot analysis of the myelin-specific proteins MPZ and PMP22 in the day 14 SNI sciatic nerve (proximal nerve stump) and the uninjured control sciatic nerve. GAPDH was used as loading control. Note that MPZ and PMP22 protein expression is significantly decreased after SNI in WT mice but not in Nox4−/− mice. n = 3 mice per group. Data are presented as mean ± SEM (*p < 0.05). B, Immunostaining of the day 14 SNI sciatic nerve shows increased MPZ immunoreactivity in Nox4−/− mice compared with WT mice, whereas immunoreactivity of the neuronal marker NF200 is similar in both genotypes. Scale bar, 10 μm.

Maria Maddalena Valente, Valeria Bortolotto, Bruna Cuccurazzu, Federica Ubezio, Vasco Meneghini, Maria Teresa Francese, Pier Luigi Canonico, Mariagrazia Grilli.Alpha2delta ligands act as positive modulators of adult hippocampal neurogenesis andprevent depressive-like behavior induced by chronic restraint stress. Molecular Pharmacology Fast Forward Published on May 9, 2012 as doi:10.1124/mol.112.077636...chicken anti-nestin polyclonal (1:4,000, Neuromics, Edina, Minnesota)...

Frances Y. Cheng, Xi Huang, Anuraag Sarangi, Tatiana Ketova, Michael K. Cooper, Ying Litingtung, Chin Chiang. Widespread Contribution of Gdf7 Lineage to Cerebellar Cell Types and Implications for Hedgehog-Driven Medulloblastoma Formation. PLoS ONE 7(4): e35541. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0035541...rabbit anti-GFAP (Neuromics, 1:500), mouse anti-GFAP (Neuromics, 1:200)...

Juan M Jimenez-Andrade and Patrick W Mantyh. Sensory and sympathetic nerve fibers undergo sprouting and neuroma formation in the painful arthritic joint of geriatric mice. Arthritis Research & Therapy 2012, 14:R101...to label primary afferent sensory nerve fibers, an antibody against neurofilament 200 kDa (NF200, chicken anti neurofilament 200 kDa; NF200, 1:5000; Neuromics; catalog #CH22104)...

I will be posting new developments.

Primary Hippocampal Neurons Performing!

I advertise our Primary Neurons and Astrocytes as being easy to culture, grow and maintain. We confirm this via the data/images our customers generously share and the many publications referencing use of the cells.

I would like to thank George Kenneth Todd (Patterson Lab at UC Davis) for these wonderful images of our e18 Primary Rat Hippocampal Neurons. These were taken at day 67!

Prior to staining, the cells were treated with Wnt5 for 2 min, then Wnt5 + Wnt3 for an additional 2 min during Calcium Imaging experiments. The cells were then fixed and stained for IP3R (green), Frizzled2 (blue), and B-Catenin (red), and the confocal images were captured at 10x. Notice the parallel neurites formation in image 3.


For staining culture options, check out our neuron-glial-astrocyte markers.

Early Diagnosis of Diabetic Retinopathy

The earlier the diagnosis the better the outcome. This is especially true with autoimmune diseases like Diabetic Retinopathy (DR). DR is the leading cause of blindness among persons of working age in the industrialized world. Here I feature a publication that shows axoglial alterations at the distal portion of the optic nerve could be the first structural change in the diabetic visual pathway. This could prove good news for discovering better therapies thus preventing blindness: Diego C. Fernandez, Laura A. Pasquini, Damián Dorfman, Hernán J. Aldana Marcos, Ruth E. Rosenstein. Early Distal Axonopathy of the Visual Pathway in Experimental Diabetes. doi:10.1016/j.ajpath.2011.09.018

Oligodendrocytes are responsible for insulating axons. Disruptions in the formation of oligodendrocytes could initiate the domino effect that leads to decreasing and eventual total loss of vision. The authors, for example, discovered that in diabetic rats, oligodendrocyte lineage (OL) cells showed hypertrophic somas and a high number of processes.

Images/Data: OL linage evaluation. Immature OL (O1+ cells) and OL precursor (PDGFR-α+ cells) were evaluated by immunostaining and measured as optical density (OD) per section. In the distal ON from animals that were diabetic for 6 weeks, significantly increased O1 and PDGFR-α immunostaining was observed, with the presence of disorganized and hypertrophic cells. Data are mean ± SEM (n = 5 animals per group); *P < 0.01 versus age-matched controls, by Student′s t-test. Scale bar = 50 μm.

At the ultrastructural level, alterations and loss of larger axons were observed in the distal ON from animals that were diabetic for 6 weeks. In these fibers, myelin was highly disorganized, and frequent lamellar membranous bodies were observed.

I will track new develops in this research and post relevant results here.

IF Staining of Human Primary Neurons

Primary Neurons are inputs or raw materials for cell based assays. When cells do not work as promised, there are multiple costs including lost time and potentially flawed data. Neuromics strives to provide easy to culture, potent and cost effective cells. Proving these capabilities is an ongoing activity for us. This includes testing these cells using our markers.

I wanted to share new immunofluorescence images. Here is a link to the protocol: staining primary neurons.

hN2 cells stained with our chicken polyclonal antibody to Vimentin, in red. Islands of Hn2 cells form after 4 days in culture forming beautiful flower like structures. Vimentin is a well established marker of early differentiating neuronal lineage cells. Taken with a 10X objective lens. Blue staining is the nuclear DNA.

hN2 cells grown in culture for 4 days and stained with our chicken polyclonal to MAP2, a marker of neurons. Differentiating cells show strong cytoplasmic staining for MAP2 . Blue stain is DAPI and reveals cell nuclei of some non neuronal cells in this culture.

hN2 cells grown in culture for 4 days and stained with our chicken polyclonal to Neurofilament light or low molecular weight chain NF-L, a marker of neurons. Many of the differentiating cells show strong cytoplasmic and clearly fibrillar staining for NF-L. Blue stain is DAPI and reveals cell nuclei of some non neuronal cells in this culture.

Immunostaining Neurons and Glia

I would like to thank Dr. Gerry Shaw, University of Florida for his excellent work with our Primary Neurons and Astrocytes and Neuronal-Glial Markers. Here's an example image with many more to follow:

Image: E18 hippocampal neurons stained with MAPT (red) and Doublecortin (green). The two proteins overlap in the proximal dendrites, but doublecortin is more abundant in the growth cones and periphery. As a result, the periphery appears green while the more proximal regions of the cells are yellow. The single longer process of this cell, presumably an axon, has a low doublecortin content and so appears red. Blue staining is the nuclear DNA. Protocol on datasheet.

Markers for Medial Superior Olivary Neurons

This is an excellent reference for researchers looking for immunohistochemistry images of slice preparations of the Neurons in the medial superior olive (MSO). It also references use of our widely used and frequently published MAP2 (Microtubule associated protein 2).

Kiri Couchman, Benedikt Grothe and Felix Felmy. Medial Superior Olivary Neurons Receive Surprisingly Few Excitatory and Inhibitory Inputs with Balanced Strength and Short-Term Dynamics. The Journal of Neuroscience, December 15, 2010, 30(50):17111-17121; doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1760-10.2010.

Summary: Neurons in the medial superior olive (MSO) process microsecond interaural time differences, the major cue for localizing low-frequency sounds, by comparing the relative arrival time of binaural, glutamatergic excitatory inputs. This coincidence detection mechanism is additionally shaped by highly specialized glycinergic inhibition. Traditionally, it is assumed that the binaural inputs are conveyed by many independent fibers, but such an anatomical arrangement may decrease temporal precision. Short-term depression on the other hand might enhance temporal fidelity during ongoing activity. For the first time we show that binaural coincidence detection in MSO neurons may require surprisingly few but strong inputs, challenging long-held assumptions about mammalian coincidence detection. This study exclusively uses adult gerbils for in vitro electrophysiology, single-cell electroporation and immunohistochemistry to characterize the size and short-term plasticity of inputs to the MSO. We find that the excitatory and inhibitory inputs to the MSO are well balanced both in strength and short-term dynamics, redefining this fastest of all mammalian coincidence detector circuits.

Related Reagents:
Neuronal-Glial Markers-Astrocytes, Glia,
Microglia, Olidogodendrocytes, Progenitors and Schwann Cell Markers
Stem Cell Research Antibodies
Stem Cell Research Reagents
Primary Neurons and Astrocytes-Primary

human, rat and mouse neurons and astrocytes.

Fragile-X, Astrocytes and BMC Image of the Month

Dr. Laurie Doering and his team at McMaster University are discovering root causes of Fragile X Syndrome. A disease manifested by cognitive impairment, attention deficit and autistic behaviours.

I wanted to share highlights and links to a recent publication as it contains interesting conclusions and some of the best multiple label staining of combined embryonic rat and mouse neurons-astrocytes cultures I have seen. No wonder that this is a highly accessed Biomed Central Article and includes the image of the month. The featured  image references use of our MAP-2 antibody.

Shelley Jacobs , Meera Nathwani and Laurie C Doering. Fragile X astrocytes induce developmental delays in dendrite maturation and synaptic protein expression. BMC Neuroscience 2010, 11:132doi:10.1186/1471-2202-11-132.

Conclusions: These experiments are the first to establish a role for astrocytes in the delayed growth characteristics and abnormal morphological features in dendrites and synapses that characterize the Fragile X syndrome.

Image: Co-culture of embryonic mouse hippocampal neurons and astrocytes. Primary embryonic hippocampal neurons at 7 days in vitro, were stained with Microtubule Associated Protein-2 (MAP, green) to enable the visualization of the dendritic arbors. These neurons were cultured on top of a monolayer of primary cortical astrocytes, stained with an antibody directed against Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP, red). The cell nuclei were visualized by staining with 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI, blue).

Related Links:
Neuronal-Glial Markers-Astrocytes, Glia, Microglia, Olidogodendrocytes, Progenitors and Schwann Cell Markers
Neurofilament or NF Antibodies
Stem Cell Research Antibodies
Stem Cell Research Reagents

Primary Neurons and Astrocytes-Primary human, rat and mouse neurons and astrocytes.

Staining Neuron-Glial Cultures-Related Markers

I have been receiving a growing number of requests for best techniques related to staining cultures of primary neurons and glia. I wanted to share this short, step by step protocol.

These requests are often catalyzed by a search of our growing Neuron/Glial Markers catalog. The objective being to find the right markers for a particular assay. I wanted to share examples of the potency of several Neurofilament or NF markers for labeling neurons:

1. Neurofilament NF-L-Mouse Monoclonal Antibody (Clone: DA2) and Neurofilament alpha-internexin/NF66-Whole Serum-Rabbit Antibody

Images: Cells grown from adult rat brainLarge cell in middle is stained with mouse monoclonal to NF-L clone DA2 (green). Another type of neuronal lineage cell was stained with rabbit polyclonal to alpha-internexin (red). These cells were mitotic but had several characteristics of neurons. Rat spinal cord homogenate showing the major intermediate filament proteins of the nervous system (lane 1). The remaining lanes show blots of this material stainted with various antibodies including NF-L. Protocols on data-sheet.

2. Neurofilament NF-H, phosphylated-Mouse Monoclonal and Neurofilament NF-L-Purified Chicken Polyclonal.

Image: View of mixed neuron/glial cultures stained with chicken polyclonal NF-L (red) and phosphorylated NF-H The NF-L protein is assembled into neurofilaments which are found throughout the axons, dendrites and perikarya of these cells. In contrast the phosphorylated NF-H has a much rmore restricted expression pattern, being found only in developed axonal neurofilaments. Since both proteins are found in neurofilaments, the red and green patterns overlap, so that neurofilaments containing NF-L and phosphorylated NF-H appear yellowish. In contrast neurofilaments containing only NF-L appear red. Protocol on datasheet.

Neurofilament Markers

More on Neuromics' Neuron Markers

I have multiple posts on the potency of our Neuron Markers. I am pleased to present yet another reference. This on features use of our Chicken Tyrosine Hydroxylase-TH antibody. It features staining of juxtaglomerular cells in the olfactory bulb of mice:

Hans-Ulrich Fried, U. Benjamin Kaupp and Frank Müller. Hyperpolarization-activated and cyclic nucleotide-gated channels are differentially expressed in juxtaglomerular cells in the olfactory bulb of mice. Cell Tissue Res. 2010 March; 339(3): 463–479. Published online 2010 February 6. doi: 10.1007/s00441-009-0904-9.

Image: TH antibody staining in ET-like cell populations within the Glomerulari (GL). Dilution 1:500

Related Reagents:

• TH-Mouse Monoclonal Catalog#: MO20001
• TH-Monoclonal-High Titer Catalog#:MO22941
• All Neuron-Glial Markers
• Neurodegenerative Disease Antibodies
• Stem Cell Research Reagents
• Primary Neurons and Astrocytes-Primary human, rat and mouse neurons and astrocytes

Rock Solid Tuj-1

The feedback from customers on our Tuj 1 (Neuron-specific class III beta-tubulin) is that it works!

This is confirmed by the growing list of references in key publications. Here's the latest:

S A Sakowski, S B Heavener, J S Lunn, K Fung, S S Oh, S K Spratt, N D Hogikyan and E L Feldman. Neuroprotection using gene therapy to induce vascular endothelial growth factor-A expression. Gene Therapy advance online publication 3 September 2009; doi: 10.1038/gt.2009.111.

...TUJ1 (Neuromics, Edina, MN, USA). ...

Tuj 1 (Neuron-specific class III beta-tubulin)
Related Reagents:
Nestin
Musashi-1
Other Reagents to Consider:
Stem Cell Reagents
Neuron/Glial Markers

survival of efferent synapses on mammalian outer hair cells.

Dr Douglas Vetter (Tufts University School of Medicine) and team recently published a study that amplifies the understanding of the development, function and maintenance of auditory system function.

Their data strongly suggest that hair cell responses induced and/or modulated by Olivocochlear (OC) activation are necessary for the survival of OC innervation and that these responses must involve SK2-mediated hyperpolarization.

It also includes an excellent image of Olivocochlear fibers degeneration in SK2−/− mice. One of the makers used was our Tuj 1 (Neuron-specific class III beta-tubulin).

Vidya Murthy, Stéphane F. Maison, Julián Taranda, Nadeem Haque, Chris T. Bond , A. Belén Elgoyhen, John P. Adelman, M. Charles Liberman, Douglas E. Vetter. SK2 channels are required for function and long-term survival of efferent synapses on mammalian outer hair cells. Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience 40 (2009) 39–49
...TuJ-1 (class III β-tubulin, Neuromics, Northfield, MN; cat. # MO15013) and processedwith Oregon Green labeled secondary antibodies (Molecular Probes/InVitrogen) for confocal microscopy...

Other Pubs Referencing Neuromics' Tuj 1 (Neuron-specific class III beta-tubulin):
Yoshifumi Saisho, Paul E. Harris, Alexandra E. Butler, Ryan Galasso, Tatyana Gurlo,1 Robert A. Rizza, and Peter C. Butler. Relationship between pancreatic vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (VMAT2) and insulin expression in human pancreas. J Mol Histol. 2008 October; 39(5): 543–551. Published online 2008 September 13. doi: 10.1007/s10735-008-9195-9.
Sujoy K. Dhara, Kowser Hasneen, David W. Machacek, Nolan L. Boyd, Raj R. Rao, Steven L. Stice (2008). Human neural progenitor cells derived from embryonic stem cells in feeder-free cultures. Differentiation 76 (5) , 454–464 doi:10.1111/j.1432-0436.2007.00256.x
...NES (1:100, Neuromics, Edina, MN), MSI1 (1:100, Neuromics), Tuj1 (1:500, Neuromics)...
D. Conte, V. Lall, G. Dobson, S. Deuchars, J. Deuchars. Cerebrospinal fluid contacting neurones in the spinal cord of the mouse and rat: small cells with a big purpose? University of Leeds (2008) Proc Physiol Soc 10 PC45
...Preliminary immunohistochemical data supports the concept that the CSFcNs are immature neurones, since they express neuronal markers Tuj1 (Neuromics) ...

Neuron/Neuron Glial Markers

We have a comprehensive and growing catalog of Neuron/Glial Marker Antibodies and Proteins.

These reagents must work everytime in our customers' applications. Quality is confirmed by pro-active customers follow up and publication referencing the reagents.

Here we have several recent publications.

We are pleased to first feature Dr. Dr. Juana Maria Pasquini, University of and colleagues from University of Buenos Aires. She and her team use our Olig1,2,3 as a marker to study de-myelinating disease.

P.G. Franco, L. Silvestroff, E.F. Soto and J.M. Pasquini. Thyroid hormones promote differentiation of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells and improve remyelination after cuprizone-induced demyelination. doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2008.04.039
...Olig 1-2-3 antibodies were from Neuromics Antibodies (Edina, MN); ...

Featured Product:

Related Products:
Antibodies:
Olig2
Neuron-Glial Markers
Neurotrophins and Growth Factors
Neurodegenerative Disease
Proteins:
Neurotrophins-Neuron/Glial Markers
Neurodegenerative Disease
SC Reagents

The second references one of our GFAP antibodies.

Sun Jin-qiao, Sha Bin, Zhou Wen-hao and Yang Yi. Basic fibroblast growth factor stimulates the proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells in neonatal rats after ischemic brain injury. doi:10.1016/j.braindev.2008.06.005.
For the immunofluorescence assays, sections from the SVZ were washed (0.1 M Tris, pH 7.6, 15 min), denatured (2 N HCl, 37oC, 30 min), rinsed (0.1 M P10 min), incubated with 1% H2O2 in 0.1 M Tris for 30 min, rinsed, blocked (10% normal goat serum, 37oC, 30 min).
...GFAP (1:100, Neuromics)...