IGF and Mood

Gender Specific?

IGF is a known mood modulator. This paper hypothesizes that the impact of increased IGF is sex dependent: Victor Munive, Andrea Santi and Ignacio Torres-Aleman. A Concerted Action Of Estradiol And Insulin Like Growth Factor I Underlies Sex Differences In Mood Regulation By Exercise. Scientific Reports 6, Article number: 25969 (2016) doi:10.1038/srep25969.

Our IGF-I R/CD221-Fluorescein Labeled was used to link Estrodial with elevating IGF-I levels in female mice.

Images: (A) Cultured brain endothelial cells accumulate significantly more IGF-I after treatment with 10⁻¹⁰M estradiol (E2). Representative blot is shown (*p less than 0.05 vs control; n = 8 per group). (B) The effects of E2 were mediated by α E2 receptors as only the α inhibitor MPP blocked E2 actions. Representative blots are shown (*p less than 0.05; n = 8). (C) Levels of IGF-I receptor (green) at the cell membrane of endothelial cells are markedly increased three hours after addition of 10⁻¹⁰M E2.

Summary: Sex-specific responses to physiological neuroprotective stimuli such as physical activity, that modulate mood in part through modulation of endocrine signals, contribute to sex differences in mood homeostasis. Hopefully, a better understanding of these differences will help us gain insight of sex differences in the incidence of mood disorders.

Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts and Cancer Cell Migration

Highway for Cancer Metastasis

Cancer Associated Fibroblasts provide the Matrices  (ECMs) serve as cancer’s assistants as it spreads throughout the body.

Cancer cells (red) migrate on a CAF-derived extracellular matrix (green). VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY; BEGUM ERDOGAN, DONNA WEBB

Unlike other ECMs, which normally form dense meshes, these arrange into parallel bundles forming the highway for tumor cell migration (The Scientist-December 15, 2015).

New Neuronal Astroglial PNS Markers

Save 70 USD on High Titer Antibodies

The foundation of our company is built on our catalog of proven, published and high titer Neuron-Astroglia and PNS Markers. We are pleased to offer 75 USD off our latest additions.

Antibody	Type	Species Reactivity	Applications
Aldolase-C Calbindin Calretinin Fox3/NeuN MAP2 Myelin Basic Protein Neurofilament NF-H Neurofilament NF-M Parvalbumin Secretagogin VSNL1	Mouse IgG Chicken IgY Chicken IgY Mouse IgG Mouse IgG Mouse IgG Mouse IgG Mouse IgG Chicken IgY Rabbit IgG Mouse IgG	B; H; M; R B; H; M; R H; M; R B; H; M; R B; H; M; R H; R Ch; H; M; Pr; R Ch; H; M; R H; M; R H; M; R B; H; M; R	IF; WB ICC; IF; IHC; WB ICC; IF; IHC; WB IF; WB IF; WB IF; WB ICC; IHC; WB ICC; IHC; WB ICC; IF; IHC; WB ICC; IF; IHC; WB

Images: Left: View of mixed neuron/glial cultures stained with Aldolase-C (green) and our rabbit antibody to NeuN/FOX3 (red). MCA-4A9 antibody reveals strong cytoplasmic staining in astrocytes, while Rabbit Fox3/NeuN antibody shows nuclear and distal cytoplasmic staining in neuron cells and is complete absence of astrocytes. Blue is a DNA stain. Middle and Right: Mouse brain sections (fixed by transcardial perfusion with 4% paraformaldehyde) stained with Aldolase-C (red) and our chicken Vimentin antibody (green). In the striatum (Middle), Aldolase-C positive astrocytes are highly co-stained Vimentin, which results in yellow to gold colors. In the cerebellum (Right), however, Aldolase-C positive Purkinje cells do not express vimentin, which results in red color. Insets show a higher magnification picture of MCA-4A9 single labeling in red. Nuclei are labeled with DAPI (blue).

Our clients often use these antibodies for double and triple labeling like the above example.

have large offering of Neurons, Astroglia, Progenitors, Brain Endothelial Cells/Pericytes and Blood Brain Barrier (BBB) Model.

We plan on aggressively be adding more and more of these type of antibodies. Stay tuned.